Galileo And The Telescope :: essays research papers

Galileo was not the person who invented the telescope, but he was the first one to use the telescope to study the heavens. He made many observations using the telescope that shocked the religious world. In this short essay, I will only focus on three observations and how an Aristotlean reacts to it. These observations compete a very important role on the development of astronomy.The first object he observed was the moon. Through his observations he cerebrate that the moon&8217s surface was very irregular and imperfect. He saw that the moon&8217s surface had mountains and valleys. It also consists of many other irregular shapes. This was a very macro contradiction to Aristotle&8217s theory. To Aristotleans the world was the center of the universe and that it was perfect. This showed us the holes in the celestial realm. It is not perfect like people believed it to be. If the moon had all of these imperfections, then(prenominal) any other member of the universe could also be this w ay. It also showed the Earth to be just a planet. Not the unique figure thought process to be. It is not unique. In fact, it was regular because the moon also had the same properties.The second observation was the four moons of Jupiter. Galileo observed points of light that changed their positions with time around the Planet. These points he concluded were the four moons that orbit Jupiter. It showed that there were things in the heavens that Aristotle knew nothing about. The was not unique anymore because it wasn&8217t the only planet to have objects orbit it.And pass away but not least, Galileo saw that the Earth shines on the moon. It showed the Earth to be a little less celestial. The Earth can shine on some other object like any regular object. It is not as special as initially thought to be.Aristotleans around the world did not want to behave these observations.

State vs state :: essays research papers fc

IntroductionState of product line is one of the toughest rivalrys in Australian sport. In this report I run through the selection care for and the success of the game.What is the importance of bow of origin?State of origin is an important event on the sporting calendar. It has massive value to the fans but mostly, to the players selected. Any player would tell you the greatest thrill in their c areer would be pulling on that N.S.W or Qld jersey for the first time. It was as good as football got according to Chris walker the maroons winger 2001-2002 and he was right. It was all about the blood, sweat and tears and a spell more blood. Its all about passion. It is a big event for the fans as well. There is always a huge vibe when state of origin time comes around and at the venues the atmosphere is amazing, even hours before the game. Its a passionate game from the players and from the fans. Its the game that the boos are louder and so are the cheers.How are the state of origin pla yers selected?A part of the selection process in N.S.W is the city v country match. It is held every twelvemonth so the players selected in these sides end try and fight there way into the origin squad. Many people believe that this actually isnt part of the process as last years man of the match, Scott Hill, was not selected for any of the three games played but some of the selectors regard it as a trial. The Queensland rugby partnership do not hold a match like this to help with selection. The selectors for each state select an origin squad. The final origin team can include people not selected in the squad. The selectors are a panel of ex-players and rugby league experts who watch the performance of every player and analyse this to discern there final side about one week before the game.Why did they start state of origin?They have wanted to start state of origin since 1900. The suggestion actually came about because a New South Wales star moved to Queensland. In the 1900 a qua lity N.S.W player moved to Queensland. A journalist from a newspaper wrote, even though he is residing in Rockhampton I am of the opinion he should play for NSW. The time has arrived, I think, for the poster of such a qualification for players in inter-colonial matches.

a piece of her mind :: essays research papers

Often our choices are based upon our basic needs and what makes us feel safe. Yet, there is always that minute doubt tangled within our gut, question what would have happened if we took the dangerous, the hesitant, and the more thrilling path. One of the most universal experiences human beings face as we begin to age is we start to look back upon our lives and esteem if we made the right choices. For some people, they experience a mid life crisis and choose to start all over again, desperately yearning for a antithetic result. Others dwell in a sense of melancholy, saddened by their fantasies of what life could have been had they chosen the other path. What if I had married differently? What if I had chosen a different career? These what ifs begin to pile on top on one another, creating a disappointing mountain of uncertainty and speculation. Within Mrs. Dalloway, Virginia Woolf portrays Mrs. Clarissa Dalloway as a woman who is exploring these questions in a single afternoon of he r life. If Mrs. Dalloway were to have kept a diary during this one day in her life, the following is an excerpt of what I think she would have written in it. Dear Diary,As a cloud crossed the sun, silence falls on London and falls on the mind. Effort ceases. Time flaps on the mast. There we stop there we stand. Rigid, the skeleton of habit upholds the human frames.(49) Earlier today, he just stood there in front of me, his failure figure seeming more daunting than ever before. As my eyes met his, drapes of memory began to unravel within my mind, uncovering the ancient sheds of neglectful feelings. It was too difficult to ignore the pulsating pain I felt when my eyes met hit. My eyes frantically searched for an escape outlet. As I passed through the gigantic woody doors towards the small room, I was forced to confront the amber-stillness of a surprisingly placeless place. I scanned the room I had just finished cleaning nearly an hour earlier. maculation it all appeared to be in or der and cleansed of any dust or untidiness, any slight disorder popped out at me. The tired shelves leaned to one view under the weight of absent books, now pushed to the floor perhaps by the wind. Faces were covering the wall, trapped in black and white cruelty of photographs and the muted kick the bucket of faded laughter.

Math Coursework - The Fencing Problem :: Math Coursework Mathematics

The Fencing Problem Introduction A farmer has exactly gibibyte metres of fencing and wants to use it to fence a plot of level land. The farmer was not interested in any specific shape of fencing unless demanded that the understated two criteria must be met The perimeter remains fixed at 1000 metres It must fence the maximum sector of land divers(prenominal) shapes of fence with the same perimeter can cover different areas. The difficulty is finding protrude which shape would cover the maximum area of land development the fencing with a fixed perimeter. Aim The aim of the investigation is to find out which shape or shapes of fencing will cover the maximum area of land using exactly 1000 metres of fencing material. Prediction I am predicting that the maximum area of land covered will be achieved by using the fencing shapes with the greatest number of sides. Method I made a list of possible different shapes to be investigated and assigned mea trustedments to the sides of the shapes making sure that they fit in within the perimeter of 1000 metres of fencing. I then worked out the areas of each shape using known mathematical formulae and techniques such as Pythagoras theorem to calculate the sides of right angled triangles using trigonometrical functions (sine, tangent and cosine) to calculate either angles or sides of triangles constructed. Sometimes there are no known exact formulae for working out the area of certain shapes such as octagon and more complex polygons. In such cases, given shapes are split into shapes that have known formulae for areas and the worked out the areas are added together. Areas of the following shapes were investigated square, rectangle, kite, parallelogram, equilateral triangle, scalene triangle, isosceles triangle, right-angled triangle, rhombus, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon. Results The results of the analysis are shown in Table 1 and Fig 1. Ta ble 1 demonstrate the areas for the different shapes formed by using the

Ineffective N.A.A.C.P. in James Baldwins Down at the Cross Essay

The Effect of the N.A.A.C.P. There are many different opinions of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (N.A.A.C.P.), the necropsy organization for Afro-American rights around the world. Some believe that the organization has made great strides towards equality and fairness across the country, and that segregation could still be a prominent fixture today if not for the N.A.A.C.P. Others scrutinize the efforts of the N.A.A.C.P., and claim that it is nothing more than a figurehead organization that doesnt actually advance the African-American people. This seems to be the sentiment shared in the essay, D profess at the Cross, by James Baldwin. Although mentioned only briefly in the essay, Baldwin conveys a sense of discouragement towards the N.A.A.C.P., and that on that point work doesnt do much good because of their lethargy in the courtroom. (Baldwin, 320) Baldwin asserts that by the time the court decision has been made, the impact of the decision is almost nonexistent, and fails to carry a collective punch. For these reasons, Baldwin believes that the N.A.A.C.P. will never accomplish meaningful, and that they will continue to simply go through the motions, in an almost lifeless manner. The history of the N.A.A.C.P. dates back to the proto(prenominal) 20th century. The organization was founded in 1909 by Mary White Ovington. Ovington had read an article from the New York Post entitled Race War in the North, write by William English Walling. Ovington became inspired to learn more about the African-American situation, and set up a meeting with Walling in New York. On February 12th, 1909, nearly 20 or so members met and formed the National Association for the Advancement of Co... ...essay, Baldwin may have proven to have predicted the fate of the N.A.A.C.P., even if its accomplishments did surpass his own expectations.Works CitedBaldwin, James. Down at the Cross. 1962. James Baldwin Collected Essa ys. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York Library of America, 1998. 296-347. Kellogg, Charles Flint. NAACP A History of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Baltimore The Johns Hopkins Press, 1967. Connerly, Ward. The NAACPs origin and Fall. The Wall Street Journal 16 July 2002 A16.National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Spartacus Educational. NAACP Timeline. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Ineffective N.A.A.C.P. in James Baldwins Down at the Cross Essay

The Effect of the N.A.A.C.P. There are many different opinions of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored deal (N.A.A.C.P.), the premier organization for African-American rights around the world. Some believe that the organization has made great strides towards equality and fairness across the country, and that segregation could still be a prominent fixture today if not for the N.A.A.C.P. Others scrutinize the efforts of the N.A.A.C.P., and claim that it is nothing more than a figurehead organization that doesnt actually pressurise the African-American people. This seems to be the sentiment shared in the essay, Down at the Cross, by James Baldwin. Although mentioned only briefly in the essay, Baldwin conveys a sense of dismay towards the N.A.A.C.P., and that there work doesnt do much good because of their lethargy in the courtroom. (Baldwin, 320) Baldwin asserts that by the time the court decision has been made, the impact of the decision is almost nonexistent, and fails to expatriate a collective punch. For these reasons, Baldwin believes that the N.A.A.C.P. will never accomplish meaningful, and that they will continue to simply go through the motions, in an almost lifeless manner. The history of the N.A.A.C.P. dates spikelet to the early 20th century. The organization was founded in 1909 by Mary White Ovington. Ovington had read an article from the New York Post entitled Race War in the North, written by William English Walling. Ovington became inspired to learn more about the African-American situation, and set up a meeting with Walling in New York. On February 12th, 1909, approximately 20 or so members met and formed the National Association for the Advancement of Co... ...essay, Baldwin may have proven to have predicted the fate of the N.A.A.C.P., even if its accomplishments did belabor his own expectations.Works CitedBaldwin, James. Down at the Cross. 1962. James Baldwin Collected Essays. Ed. Ton i Morrison. New York Library of America, 1998. 296-347. Kellogg, Charles Flint. NAACP A History of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Baltimore The Johns Hopkins Press, 1967. Connerly, Ward. The NAACPs Decline and Fall. The Wall Street Journal 16 July 2002 A16.National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Spartacus Educational. NAACP Timeline. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Digital Communication

Joshua Feliciano 110445 Mr. Basile IB ITGS 11 4. 27. 2010 digital Communication in the 21st century Digital discourse atomic number 50 be specify as an electronic transmission of information that has been encoded digitally. This specifically means that digital communication is data communication of information that is converted from text to code digitally. Digital communication posterior also be effective communication dealing with web, multimedia, video or graphics, and digital media. Some forms of digital communication can be texting, IM, e-mail, podcasting etc.Digital communication plays an important part in todays daily life in many different perspectives. In todays age, most people find digital communication a lot more easier and teachers and professors find it a bit more comprehensive. Todays companies and organizations, use different types of media to reach and retain their audience. Digital communication helps jobs and businesses communicate a lot fast through e-mail, multimedia, texting, power point, presentations etc. As for students in any school or college, all these digital communication advantages also help and make it a lot more accessible.Throughout the decades, technology has improved drastically and gets more highly skilled as time goes on. In the past there was no such thing as digital communication. All communication was through hand written letters, surround calls, or people would just have to go visit whoever it is in person. Digital communication has made a huge change and difference in todays age. Its more comprehended and explanatory. In todays society a lot more can be accomplished with the digital communication and technology that exists today. Some of these digital communications can be text messaging, video or graphics, multimedia, podcasting, and digital media.Back then in about the 1990s, there was no such thing as any of these digital communications and advantages. Video or graphics and multimedia may have been in useab le but, it definitely wasnt as advanced, updated, or even in undecomposed picture quality as todays technology and digital communication. This is significant in a couple of different ways. Not but is everything faster, and looks nicer but, all the improved technology saves every individual a lot of time in their life. With all the development and improved technology, digital communication has rightfully made a difference for people in todays age.Digital communication contains many advantages and disadvantages. Some being good and others being bad. Advantages of digital communication can be that it is faster and easier, no paper is wasted, messages can be stored in the device for longer times without being damaged unlike paper files that intimately get damages, it can be done over large distances through internet and other things, it is comparatively cheaper and the work which requires a lot of people can be done simply by one person as folders and other such facilities can be ma intained, and it provides facilities like video conferencing which save a lot of time, money and effort.Digital communication also contains many disadvantages which can be that it is unreliable as the messages cannot be recognised by signatures, sometimes the speediness of digital communication is harmful as messages can be sent with the click of a mouse, it has completely ignored the human touch in which a personal touch cannot be established because all the computers will have the same font, and greater bandwidth.In conclusion, digital communication can be defined as the ability to create communications in different media, which can be its websites, video, audio, text, or animated multimedia. Its important in todays society because its much faster and more understanding other than having to deal with letters that you cant comprehend. In todays age, digital communication can be more visible and more fun with the development of video or graphics, multimedia, podcasting text messag ing, e-mail etc.This is significant because everything is much faster and more advanced. Overall digital communication had its advantages and disadvantages some being good and some being bad which in the end was still a very successful improvement of todays technology. Work Cited http//www. adobe. com/ upbringing/presentation/digital_communication/ http//www. macromediastudiomx. biz/uk/education/solutions/pdfs/dc_for_all_students. pdf http//www. answerbag. com/q_view/31169

Using information and communications technologies for teaching and learning

E- tuition is by and large regarded as utilizing information and communications engineerings for learning and takeing. These engineerings may include, but are non limited to, the followers presentation engineerings ( e.g. , PowerPoint ) , the Internet, videoconferencing, e-mail, specialist disciplinary package, larning direction systems such(prenominal) as WebCT, simulations, and educational games. E-learning may affect such hardware as computing machines, personal digital helpers, and cell phones. The media use can unite sound, picture, images and text in a assortment of combinations and utilizing a mountain chain of attacks. E-learning should be regarded as a installation or set of tools, non a peculiar instruction method. Indeed, e-learning may be utilize to back up nigh any sort of instructional attack, positive or negative. Examples of utilizing e-learning constructively include attacks which combine more traditional instruction patterns with information and communications e ngineerings. For illustration, an teacher faculty utilize the Internet during his or her talk to entree on-line lifes that supplement the category presentation. A class web site might incorporate activities that aid active acquisition. Communications occupations such as on-line treatments groups might be used to enable collaborative job work outing among groups of pupils who have bring out scheduling meetings. Teachers of to the full on-line classs typically use small if any face-to-face direction and depend about wholly on e-learning.The grade to which e-learning is used by teachers varies widely due to a figure of factors including their personal instruction penchants, the nature of the capable affair, the pupils involved every bit good as the handiness of proficient and instructional design support. Quality direction remains the paramount end and e-learning should neer be used for its ain interest. The E-Learning Committee identified the following(prenominal) factors that co ntribute to the demand to transform instruction and acquisition in higher instructiongerminating nature of basic chance onments required to be competent professionalsthe chances provided by the increase effectivity and decreased costs of information and communications engineerings permeant usage of information engineering by pupils pickings to alterations in larning penchants synergism of learning and enquiry turning demand for alternate acquisition theoretical accounts to better acquisition and increase handiness greater handiness of electronic learning resources and scholarly publications.The unite effects of these five factors wanton away it paramount for the University to reassess and update its scheme for e-learning. E-learning enables greater flexibleness in footings of where and when pupils can take part in larning activities. As a consequence, those involved in discoursing the advantages of utilizing e-learning frequently concentrated on how it reduces barriers to access ing educational plans. However, from a pedagogical point of position, the focal point of e-learning is non on entree, but on larning. E-learning provides scholars with the chance to be more active and to take greater duty for their ain acquisition. It as well as gives module a wider assortment of tools for easing engagement and coaction.The E-Learning exists in the context established by the vision, mission, and ends of the University. Information and communications engineerings are praised for their capacity to cross aloofness, connect communities, provide information, and quickly convey immense volumes of informations. E-learning is an incorporate application of these engineerings. As such it has the possible to act upon how all the academic subjects of the University are realized.Need for Reforms in Tertiary Education to Address New Challenges. Quality assurance can play a cardinal catalytic function in originating reforms to regenerate weak third instruction systems. Despite fluctuations in cultural and governmental penchants, differences in leading ingenuity within authoritiess every bit good as changing phases of development, there is emerging consensus that traditional academic controls are nonequivalent for reacting to today s challenges and that more expressed confidences about tincture are needed ( El-Khawas, DePietro-Jurand, and Holm-Nielsen 1998 ) .New Methods of Delivery Challenge Traditional Approaches to HE Development. Recent progresss in information and communicating engineerings ( ICTs ) have prompted alterations in the manners of pitch for instruction. The usage of different signifiers of Open and Distance Learning ( ODL ) is on the rise, doing it possible to learn and larn from anyplace in the universe irrespective of one s geographical location relation to the beginning of bringing. On-line instruction is turning, even within tied(p) brick and howitzer establishments. These new methods besides render third instruction borderles s -students have options for entree to higher instruction beyond their national boundaries and suppliers of HE can make pupils anyplace in the universe without holding to procure clearance from any local authorization. This is a positive development, particularly for states which can non afford to put in brick and howitzer establishments ( for illustration, little states, weak economic systems ) to run into the turning societal demand. However, in the absence of an effectual QA system, consumers lack a dependable footing for taking between different borderless offers, and authoritiess would non hold a mechanism for keeping these suppliers accountable for the quality of their plans.In Africa this tendency is expressed in the turning attending accorded to constructing capacities for distance instruction. The part now hosts four unfastened universities, with programs to set up at least two more in the close hereafter. Likewise, the proviso of instruction at a distance by traditional universities is steadily spread outing. In Tanzania, the Open University of Tanzania ( OUT ) is now the largest university in the country-only 15 old ages after its constitution. The African Virtual University which was ab initio incubated in the World Bank is now a good re loved leader in unfastened and distance e-learning ( ODEL ) in Africa with a web that spans over 20 English and French-speaking states. Though some acquaintance with quality confidence processes for traditional ( print-based ) distance larning systems has been acquired on the continent, the new manners of bringing pose a challenge because there neither criterions nor expertness are presently available to modulate quality.1.2 Research Aim and AimsPurposeThe purpose of this thesis is to To inquiry the quality confidence in e-learning and its effectivity in footings of bettering the quality of acquisition, and to urge schemes for effectual quality confidence in e-learning for the colleges and universities.AimsTh e aims in order to accomplish this purpose are as followsReview the developments in quality confidence in e-learning and analyze the e-learning facets of quality confidence.To analyze the quality confidence criterions in e-learning and their effectivity. interpreting the effectivity of quality confidence in an e-learning context, and place the chief challenges and the critical success factors.Develop appropriate schemes for the execution of effectual quality confidence in e-learning.1.3 Problem StatementThe current survey purposes to reply the following overall job. Is at that place important difference in the effectivity of quality confidence in e-learning in the public and private universities in the demesne of Bahrain in footings of their course of study design, class design, and class bringing?To reply this inquiry, the undermentioned sub-problems shall be communicateTo what extent does effectivity of quality confidence in e-learning occur in the higher instruction establishm ents ( HEIs ) in footings of course of study design, class design, and class bringing as perceived by its module members, pupils, and stakeholders?What are the jobs or barriers encountered by the respondents on the quality confidence in e-learning?What success factors in e-learning perceived by the respondents in the private colleges and universities?What challenges and schemes in e-learning observed by the respondents on the execution of the quality confidence in the university?What possible suggestions/recommendations to better e-learning in the colleges and universities?1.4 Research ApproachThe primary election informations aggregation will be conducted through study questionnaires and unstructured interviews nevertheless, the secondary informations aggregation through extended literature reappraisal taken from books, diaries, magazines, and opposite related to reading stuffs in e-learning. The informations self-collected from both the beginnings will be integrated and so ana lysed. Qualitative digest will be used for the informations being collected from both the attacks. However, quantitative analysis will be done by the research worker after roll uping the information for analysis and reading to cognize the findings of the survey on the quality confidence in e-learning hence, carry throughing the purpose of this research.Furthermore, the Primary Data Collection will be taken from the Survey Questionnaires and free-and-easy ( unstructured ) Interviews from the respondents of the selected colleges and universities in the Kingdom of Bahrain. However, the Secondary Data Collection will be taken from the literature reappraisal such as books, diaries, magazines, internet links, and other related readings on e-learning facets.After the information is being collected from the primary and secondary beginnings, the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis Approach will be used to analyze the research information. The analysis will be done after the retrieval of the study questionnaire. However, the informations will be analysed and interpreted utilizing textual or tabular presentation based on the consequences of the statistical analysis. Hence, in the reading of informations deductions is needed and besides supported with related literature or surveies to beef up the analysis and reading of informations which are important to the findings of the survey.1.5 Outline of the DissertationChapter 1 Introduction and Background. The use of this chapter is to present the job on the effectivity of the quality confidence in e-learning, its challenges and schemes. It besides presents the principle behind the determination of prosecuting this research, based on the observations do by the research worker and other writers. It concludes with the word picture of the attack adopted in the structuring of the thesis.Chapter 2 Reappraisal of Related Literature. The intent of this chapter is to present and examine exhaustively the bing literature in the cou ntry of the quality confidence of higher instruction establishments e-learning quality confidence and e-learning success factors and other related surveies on e-learning facets. Besides, a theoretical research theoretical account has been proposed and research hypotheses have been developed.Chapter 3 Research Methodology. The intent of this chapter is to show the research design and methodological analysis of the survey. It besides includes the respondents of the survey, proof of research instrument, informations aggregation method, and informations analysis.Chapter 4 Datas Analysis and Findings. The intent of this chapter is to show the analysis and reading of the information, and besides the treatment on the effectivity of the quality confidence in e-learning, problems/barriers encountered, success factors, and quality confidence challenges and schemes. However, the descriptive-survey attack will be employed in this survey. However, tabular and textual signifier will be used in showing the information analysis.Chapter 5 Drumhead, Conclusions, and Recommendations. This chapter is a sum-up of the whole thesis. It provides an appraisal of the importance of the research done and it is an lineation of possible future research strands.DrumheadThis chapter provides an debut to the thesis along with brief treatment of the background on the construct of e-learning in the Kingdom of Bahrain peculiarly in the HEIs Higher Education Institutions. It besides presented the Aim and Objectives and briefly discusses the country of research, literature reappraisals and provides principle for carry oning this survey. The research purpose and aims are made clear and the research attack is presented.

Roles of Transportation

CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF back breaker IN partnership NPTEL May 7, 2007 Chapter 3 Role of transferral in society 3. 1 Overview exile is a non separable part of any society. It exhibits a very close relation to the style of life story, the range and location of activities and the goods and services which testament be available for consumption. Advances in conveyanceation has made possible changes in the track of living and the way in which societies ar organized and in that respectfore have a great in uence in the development of civilizations.This chapter conveys an understanding of the sizeableness of transportation in the modern society by presenting selected characteristics of existing transportation systems, their use and relationships to other human activities. tape drive is responsible for the development of civilizations from very old times by meeting make a motion requirement of people and transport requirement of goods. Such movement has changed the way people live and travel. In developed and developing nations, a striking fraction of people travel daily for work,shopping and social reasons.But transport also consumes a lot of resources homogeneous time,fuel, materials and land. 3. 2 Economic map of transportation Economics involves production, distri notwithstandingion and consumption of goods and services. People depend upon the lifelike resources to satisfy the needs of life but due to non uniform surface of earth and due to di erence in local resources, there is a lot of di erence in standard of living in di erent societies. So there is an immense requirement of transport of resources from one particular society to other.These resources can range from material things to knowledge and skills like movement of doctors and technicians to the places where there is need of them. 3. 2. 1 The place, time, quality and utility of goods An example is given to evaluate the relationship between place, time and cost of a particular commodity. If a com modity is produced at point A and wanted by people of another community at any point B distant x from A, and so the price of the commodity is dependent on the distance between two centers and the system of transportation between two points. With improved system the commodity will be made less costly at B. . 2. 2 Changes in location of activities The reduction of cost of transport does not have same e ect on all locations. Let at any point B the commodity is to be consumed. This product is supplied by two stations A and K which are at two di erent distances design to Transportation Engineering 3. 1 Tom V. Mathew and K V Krishna Rao CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN SOCIETY NPTEL May 7, 2007 from B. Let at present the commodity is supplied by A since it is at a lesser distance but after wards due to rise in road network between B and K,the point K becomes the supply point of product. . 2. 3 Conclusions Transport extends the range of sources of supply of goods to be consumed in an area, making it possible for user to get resources at cheap price and high quality. The use of more than e cient systems of supply payoffs in an cast up in the total amount of goods available for consumption. Since the supply of goods is no longer dependent on the type of mode, items can be supplied by some alternative resources if normal source cannot supply what is needed. 3. 3 Social aim of transportationTransportation has always played an important role in in uencing the governance of urban societies. Although other facilities like availability of food and water, played a major role, the contribution of transportation can be seen clearly from the formation, size and pattern, and the development of societies, especially urban centers. 3. 3. 1 Formation of settlements From the beginning of civilization, the man is living in settlements which existed near banks of major river junctions, a port, or an intersection of trade routes. Cities like New York, Mumbai and Moscow are good examples. . 3. 2 Size and pattern of settlements The initial settlements were relatively small developments but with due course of time, they grew in population and developed into big cities and major trade centers. The size of settlements is not only limited by the size of the area by which the settlement can obtain food and other necessities, but also by considerations of personal travels especially the journey to and from work. The increased speed of transport and reduction in the cost of transport have evented in chassis of spatial patterns. . 3. 3 appendage of urban centers When the cities grow beyond normal walking distance, then transportation technology plays a role in the formation of the city. For example, many cities in the plains developed as a circular city with radial routes, where as the cities beside a river developed linearly. The development of automobiles, and other factors like increase in personal income, and construction of paved road network, the s ettlements were transformed into urban centers of intense travel activity. 3. 4 Political role of transportationThe world is divided into numerous political units which are formed for mutual protection, economic advantages and development of common culture. Transportation plays an important role in the functioning of such political Introduction to Transportation Engineering 3. 2 Tom V. Mathew and K V Krishna Rao CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN SOCIETY NPTEL May 7, 2007 units. 3. 4. 1 Administration of an area The organization of an area must be able to send/get discipline to/ approximately its people. It may include laws to be followed, security and other needful information needed to generate awareness.An e cient administration of a country largely depends on how e ectively government could communicate these information to all the country. However, with the advent of communications, its importance is slightly reduced. 3. 4. 2 Political choices in transport These choices may be classified as communication, military movement, travel of persons and movement of freight. The primary function of transportation is the transfer of messages and information. It is also needed for rapid movement of troops in case of emergency and finally movement of persons and goods.The political decision of construction and forethought of roads has resulted in the development of transportation system. 3. 5 Environmental role of transportation The negative e ects of transportation is more dominating than its useful aspects as far as transportation is cin one caserned. There are numerous categories into which the environmental e ects have been categorized. They are explained in the following sections. 3. 5. 1 Safety Growth of transportation has a very unfortunate impact on the society in terms of accidents. Worldwide death and injuries from road accidents have reached epidemic proportions. killed and about 15 million injured on the road accidents annually. Increased variation i n the speeds and vehicle density resulted in a high exposure to accidents. Accidents result in loss of life and permanent disability, injury, and damage to property. Accidents also causes numerous non-quantifiable impacts like loss of time, grief to the near ones of the victim, and inconve- nience to the public. The loss of life and damage from natural disasters, industrial accidents, or epidemic often receive significant attention from both government and public. This is because their occurrence is concentrated but sparse.On the other hand, accidents from transport vault of heaven are widespread and occurs with high frequency. For instance, a study has predicted that death and disabilities resulting from road accidents in comparison with other diseases will rise from ninth to third locate between 1990 and 2020. Road accidents as cause to death and disability could rank below heart disease and clinical depression, and ahead of stroke and all pathogenic diseases. Significant reduc tion to accident rate is achieved in the developing countries by improved road designed maintenance, improved vehicle design, driver education, and law enforcements.However in the developing nations, the rapid growth of personalized vehicles and poor infrastructure, road design, and law enforcement has resulted in growing accident rate. 3. 5. 2 Air Pollution All transport modes consume dexterity and the most common source of energy is from the burning of fossil fuels like coal, petrol, diesel, etc. The relation between air pollution and respiratory disease have been demonstrated by various studies and the detrimental e ects on the planet earth is widely recognized recently. The combustion of Introduction to Transportation Engineering 3. Tom V. Mathew and K V Krishna Rao CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN SOCIETY NPTEL May 7, 2007 the fuels releases several contaminants into the atmosphere, including carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and other particulate matter. Hydrocarbons are the result of incomplete combustion of fuels. Particulate matters are minute solid or liquid particles that are suspended in the atmosphere. They include aerosols, smoke, and dust particles. These air pollutants once emitted into the atmosphere , undergo mixing and disperse into the surroundings. 3. 5. Noise pollution Sound is acoustical energy released into atmosphere by vibrating or moving bodies where as preventive is unwanted operose produced. Transportation is a major contributor of noise pollution, especially in urban areas. Noise is generated during both construction and operation. During construction, operation of large equipments causes considerable noise to the neighborhood. During the operation, noise is generated by the engine and exhaust systems of vehicle, aerodynamic friction, and the interaction between the vehicle and the support system (road- tire, rail-wheel).Extended exposure to excessive sound has been shown to produce physical and psychologic al damage. Further, because of its annoyance and disturbance, noise adds to mental stress and fatigue. 3. 5. 4 Energy consumption The spectacular growth in industrial and economic growth during the past century have been closely related to an abundant supply of inexpensive energy from fossil fuels. Transportation sector is unbelieved to consume more than half of the petroleum products. The compact of the shortage of fuel was experienced during major wars when strict rationing was imposed in many countries.The impact of this had cascading e ects on many factors of society, especially in the price escalation of essential commodities. However, this has few positive impacts a shift to public transport system, a search for energy e cient engines, and alternate fuels. During the time of fuel shortage, people shifted to cheaper public transport system. Policy makers and planners, thereafter gave much emphasis to the public transit which consume less energy per person. The second impact was in the development of fuel-e cient engines and devices and operational and maintenance practices.A fast depleting fossil fuel has accelerated the search for energy e cient and environment sociable alternate energy source. The research is active in the development of bio-fuels, hydrogen fuels and solar energy. 3. 5. 5 Other impacts Transportation directly or indirectly a ects many other areas of society and few of then are listed below Almost all cities uses 20-30 percent of its land in transport facilities. Increased travel requirement also require additional land for transport facilities. A good transportation system takes considerable amount of land from the society.Aesthetics of a function is also a ected by transportation. Road networks in quite country side is visual onslaught. Similarly, the transportation facilities like y-overs are again visual intrusion in urban context. The social life and social pattern of a community is severely a ected after the introduction of some trans- portation facilities. Construction of innovative transportation facilities often require substantial relocation of residents and employment opportunities. Introduction to Transportation Engineering 3. 4 Tom V. Mathew and K V Krishna Rao CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN SOCIETY NPTEL May 7, 2007 3. Summary The roles of transportation in society can be classified according to economic, social, political and environmental roles. The social role of transport has caused people to live in permanent settlements and has given chances of sustainable developments. Regarding political role, large areas can now be very easily governed with the financial aid of good transportation system. The environmental e ects are usually viewed negatively. 3. 7 Problems 1. Safety criteria of transportation is viewed under (a) Political role of transportation (b) Environmental role of transportation c) Social role of transportation (d) None of these 2. Which of the following is not a negative im pact of transportation? (a) Safety (b) Aesthetics (c) Mobility (d) Pollution 3. 8 Solutions 1. Safety criteria of transportation is viewed under (a) Political role of transportation (b) Environmental role of transportationv (c) Social role of transportation (d) None of these 2. Which of the following is not a negative impact of transportation? (a) Safety (b) Aesthetics (c) Mobilityv (d) Pollution Introduction to Transportation Engineering 3. 5 Tom V. Mathew and K V Krishna Rao

Need for Change

Orma Corporation has been in task since the late 1800s, beginning with heating and air conditioning harvest-festival lines. It then slowly grow into other product lines over time, including Automation, Control Systems, Aerospace, and Transportation Systems, which are currently Ormas main product sections. The products for aerospace segment produce products that support military exoneration systems, space exploration and commercial airplanes.The Need for ChangeBelieving in the Need for Change in business made Orma Corporation grow and put out as a company over time. Their solution was diversifying its product lines from heating and air conditioning products to its three main product segments that deal exclusively with technological changes. They realized that there was a need for industries operating in these sectors and, by using their strengths in some areas and gaining strength in others, Orma was able to offer into product segments that they had not operated in prior.Every company benefits from recognizing the need for change in its motions, particularly regarding changes in technology to meet demand for technological advancement of its posterior market. Technology is always evolving through time, thus any company that does not keep up with technological changes will change surfacetually lose its hold on its market. It is necessary, therefore, to change with the clock. Accordingly, Orma Corporations segment of aerospace technology, for example, changes every few months to keep up with new technological advances in that particular industry through go-ahead Resource Planning (ERP).ERP As Orma Corporations Response to the Need for ChangeERP is a multi-module, integrated computer system that helps in the management of the aerospace segment using a common approach to business process information access, global allocation and resource utilization. It uses multiple software modules that provide various business functions to different areas of aerospace operations. Adapting the ERP system helps organize inventory of factory operation since it ensures unified communication between the factory and the overall enterprise.What is the future of Orma if they do not tool ERP?ERP is essential to the success of Orma because without careful planning to ensure success in new business ventures the corporation will not be able to expand and break into new markets. Without ERP, Orma would be limited in what they could accomplish, and could not even keep up with the technology essential for competitiveness in todays market. ERP responds to the goal of Orma Corporation to stay as a leader in this particular industry and maintain its hold on its current market, or even expand it by providing unified and systematic information, responding to clients needs therefore, service is quicker and technologically driven.It clearly makes sense for Orma Corporation to keep up with the changing times in terms of technological innovations to provide high quali ty service to its clients. Adapting this need for change particularly for its aerospace segment is a must to improve the aim of competitiveness of Orma Corporation in that particular industry. It started with one product segment expanding into its current three product segments primarily due to its willingness to adapt changes in its operation over time. It is then logical for Orma Corporation to continue expanding and growing.

Problems of Unemployment in India Essay

India as a nation is faced with massive problem of un use. Unemployment can be defined as a state of worklessness for a man fit and willing to work. It is a condition of involuntary and not voluntary idleness. Some features of unemployment have been identified as follows1.The incidence of unemployment is much high in urban areas than in rural areas. 2.Unemployment rates for women are higher than those for men. 3.The incidence of unemployment among the educated is much higher than the overall unemployment. 4.There is greater unemployment in boorish sector than in industrial and other major sectors. Economists and genial thinkers have classified unemployment into various types. Generally unemployment can be classified in twain types(1) Voluntary unemploymentIn this type of unemployment a person is out of job of his own desire doesnt work on the prevalent or appointive salary. Either he wants higher wages or doesnt want to work at all. It is in fact social problem leading to socia l disorganization. Social problems and forces such as a revolution, a social upheaval, a class struggle, a financial or economic crisis a war amidst nations, mental illness, political corruption mounting unemployment and crime etc. threaten the smooth working of society. Social value are often regarded as the sustaining forces of society. They move over to the strength and stability of social order. But due to rapid social change new values come up and some of the nonagenarian values decline. At the same time, people are not is a position to reject the old completely and accept the new altogether. Here, conflict between the old and the new is the inevitable result which leads to the social disorganization in imposed situation. In economic terminology this situation is voluntary unemployment. (2) In voluntary unemploymentIn this type of situation the person who is unemployed has no say in the matter. It means that a person is separated from remunerative work and devoid of wages al though he is capable of earning his wages and is also anxious to earn them. Forms and types of unemployment according to Hock are. a.Cyclical unemployment This is the result of the profession cycle which is a part of the capitalist system. In such a system, there is greater unemployment and when there is depression a large number of people are rendered unemployed. Since such an economic crisis is the result of trade cycle, the unemployment is a part of it. b.Sudden unemployment When at the place where workers have been employed there is some change, a large number of persons are unemployed. It all happens in the industries, trades and commerce where people are employed for a job and suddenly when the job has terminate they are asked to go.c.Unemployment caused by failure of Industries In many cases, a descent concern a factory or an industry has to close down. There may be various factors responsible for it there may be dispute amongst the partners, the business may give hug e loss or the business may not turn out to be useful and so on. d.Unemployment caused by disablement in Industry and business In various industries, trades or business, sometimes, there is deterioration. This deterioration may be due to various factors. In efficiency of the employers, precipitous competitions less profit etc. are some of the factors responsible for deterioration in the industry and the business. e.Seasonal unemployment Certain industries and traders engage workers for a particular season. When the season has ended the workers are rendered unemployed. Sugar industry is an example of this type of seasonal unemployment.The problem of unemployment has becoming a colossal. Various problems have caused this problem. There are individual factors standardized age, vocational unfitness and physical disabilities which restrict the people. External factors include technological and economic factors. There is enormous increase in the tribe. Every year India adds to her po pulation afresh. More than this every year about 5 million people puzzle eligible for securing jobs. Business field is subject to ups and downs of trade cycle and globalization. economical depression or sick industries are often close down compelling their employees to become unemployed. Technological advancement contributes to economic development .But unplanned and anarchic growth of technology is causing havoc on job opportunities.The computerization and automation has led to technological unemployment. Strikes and lockouts have become inseparable aspect of the industrial world today. Due to these industries often face economic loses and production comes down. Since workers do not get any salary or wages during the strike consummation they suffer from economic hardships. They become permanently or temporarily unemployed. Today young people are not ready to take jobs which are considered to be socially degrading or lowly. Our educational system has its own irreparable defects and its contribution to the unemployment is an open truth.Our education does not prepare the minds of young generation to become self-employed on the contrary it makes them dependent on government vacancies which are hard to come.Our State right from the beginning of Five year plans has introduced several employment generating schemes and programmes over the years but in the absence of proper implementation and monitoring have failed to achieve the required targets. Recently UPA Government has come up with Rural Employment Guarantee program which aims to provide minimum days of employment to people living in the villages. This is a laudable programme if utilize sincerely because it will provide employment to people during natural calamities like drought, floods etc. The remedial measures for reducing unemployment may lay greater emphasis on creation of opportunities for self -employment, augmentation of productivity and income levels of the working poor, shift in emphasis from crea tion of relief type of employment to the building up of durable productive assets in the rural areas and instead of attempting to revert somewhat to protectionist policies the pace of privatization may be accelerated.

Workforce

The work force is contingent on the willingness of personnel and sites . The workforce is the main concern of employers e trulywhere. All areas of employment are touched by economics and it consist of the figure of births rates, and the quantity of training each person receives. 100 years ago, most jobs were industrial in nature, what I mean is that individuals worked in factories or on an assembly lines.These types of positions werent very challenging because its a situation that was repetitious because the worker repeat steps. Because of new technology today, everything happens to be more demanding, very aggressive and creative. Women are employed within position that once was considered only men were productive in. Work shifts are divided into three shifts for several organizations.Theyre essentially eight hours a shift and the employee usually work forty hours a week. Over the years the workforce has added four generation of workers. This has caused a distinctive solution on th e workforce and organizations have employed and facing age differences.The HR department has come to the knowledge that the workforce of the past as a offspring will influence the future status of numerous organizations. They realize that the success of the organization depends on being able to hire workers. Plus the facts show that many people are not retiring but continue to work well past the age of 65. HR specialists find that theyre having to formulate additional resolutions to butt the demands relating to the workforce with the aging workers.Which requires HR specialists to understand and be able to execute ways to create jobs and to fill them with acceptable workers. Meanwhile workers and jobs are always transforming so organizations realize that they have diversity and the skill to maintain a balanced workforce being competent to accomplish their goals for the future of the organization.Also, companies have moved to world-wide level with improved technology and communica tion. Besides more women employees entered the workforce which was not the state 100 years ago where women lives tended to be centered around their families. During demesne War I changed who the workforce would use once the men were either volunteering or being drafted to serve in the military which resulted in there was no one to fill the positions. So businesses hired the women to work in the mens place.After showing the factories that the women were capable to carry out the duties that the men could do, but they were remunerative less for the same job. Since then women have demanded rights for equal pay and equal treatment. Because the workforce have become more diverse with gender, age, and culture it has caused organizations to change how they score workers and maintain their numbers.The older workers are still present in the workforce is making HR to consider alternative ways for hiring, training, and what type of benefits plans to offer as enticements.Today HR managers nee ds to spend considerable time and money in training in new technology and keep them updated. The future US workforce groups in 2025 would be mostly aged population over 60 years.The workforce I filled with many kinds of technology such as computers, internet, sweet phones and many mobile devices that has opened communication where everything seems to move at the speed of light. Therefore, HR will need to be on their toes to meet every job in the future.ReferencesAnderson, B. E. (2000). Journal of Economic Perspectives. Worker Protection Policies in the New, 207-214.DeCenzo, D. A. (2016).Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. Danvers, MA John Wiley Sons.Effortless HR. (2018).Retrieved from The Past, Present and Future Workforce https//www.effortlesshr.com/blog/present-future-workforce-generations/Huczynski, A. . (2010). organisational behaviour.London Financial Times Prentice Hall.Khan, A. H. (2012). Impact of job satisfaction on employee performance An empirical study of auto nomous Medical Institutions of Pakistan.African Journal of Business Management, 2697.Micheal Bailey. (2018). Retrieved from demographic shifts and the HR challenges of the future https//www.michaelbaileyassociates.com/news/hr/demographic-shifts-and-the-hr-challenges-of-the-futureWomen in the Workplace. (n.d.).Retrieved from http//articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-15/edit-page/28241044_1_indian-women-chinese-women-chinese-counterpart

Couch Potato

The couch Potato Lifestyle Couch potato, a slang term to describe a person who spends closely of the while sitting or lying on a couch. However, sedentary lifestyle is another term which commonly used as a medical term to describe a lifestyle with irregular psychical activities or exercise. People intend to spend more time sitting, surfing the Internet, working on a computer, watching television, and other activities that do not require much psychical movement or activities. Hence, this lifestyle Is more ilkly to bring damage to the society rather than benefits.This lifestyle Is most likely discovered In plopped and developing countries. People of only ages Like adult, teenagers, and children whom they live a sedentary lifestyle could be negatively Impacting each Individual lives. As an effect of sedentary lifestyle, children and teenagers are more likely to exhibit poor motor coordination. They often played out most of their time for their electronic gadgets. As we kindle s ee, It Is so common that children and teenagers carrying at least one electronic gadget regardless of what they are doing and where they are going, either they are in the washroom, during a meal, and even before their timed.Hence, a lack of physical activity leads to poor motor coordination almost all of their time was allocated for their sedentary behavior. Childhood is a critical time for the development of motor coordination skills that testament enhance a healthier psychically and mentally development. Therefore, it is important to make grow them in setting up a proper daily routine, likewise, encourage children and teenagers to increase their amount of physical activities. On the other hand, sedentary lifestyle in like manner has a variety of negative impacts on adults, especially working adults.Living a denary lifestyle is not necessarily means living a otiose or inactive life somehow it can be very busy with work and family which caused them without inherent opportunities for physical activities. They often find difficulties in allocation of time for some exercise, thus, they feel energetic, body and mind become inactive, and as a result they fall into depression. Worst come to worst, once depression settles, they will be too depressed to carry out physical activities. Slowly, it leads to other diseases and illnesses. Sedentary lifestyle contributes to high risk sickness to people f all ages.Anxiety, obesity, depression, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart diseases, colon cancer, and kidney stones are all the major diseases and illnesses which risk the health of all people. Besides, premature death is increasing every year. Do not be surprise that the study has shown that Just by sitting still could cause premature death. The more we sit, the higher the risk of premature death. In conclusion, adapting to a sedentary lifestyle can be as harmful as Heroin. Although It Is now with the increasing number of people living In a sedentary lifestyle which g oes not expect to be much hope moving away from It, but we are what we choose to be.Is Just a suspicion of how hunger are we of resettling from sedentary lifestyle. Couch Potato By Lo-Nathan The Couch Potato Lifestyle Couch potato, a slang term to describe a person who spends most of the time activities or exercise. People intend to spend more time sitting, surfing the internet, much psychical movement or activities. Hence, this lifestyle is more likely to bring harm to the society rather than benefits. This lifestyle is most likely discovered in developed and developing countries.People of all ages like adult, teenagers, and children whom they live a sedentary lifestyle could be negatively impacting each individual lives. As an effect of sedentary lifestyle, children and teenagers are more electronic gadgets. As we can see, it is so common that children and teenagers bedtime. Hence, a lack of physical activity leads to poor motor coordination almost all conclusion, adapting to a sedentary lifestyle can be as harmful as Heroin. Although it is now with the increasing number of people living in a sedentary lifestyle which does not seem to be much hope moving away from it, but we are what we choose to

Contemporary Issue in Health and Social Care Essay

Introduction cordial media has played and has been playing a crucial role in the phylogeny of wellness and kindly cover in United Kingdom (UK). Since the emerge of the wellness and friendly c be heavens, favorable media has been performing a tremendous role as the wellness and accessible complaint is befitting an industry and without this industry societal and economic development of UK would non be possible. This report covers the role of media for the development of wellness and complaisant finagle. At the very beginning a snapshot of the role of media on the creation of globe reside slightly wellness and tender cargon will be discussed with evidence. The ways by which media publishes and considers roughly the wellness and tender wish well issues will be discussed. Different locations of populace issues regarding the wellness and genial fretting will a resembling be discussed in brief. The likely act upon of distinguishable perspective on the devel opment of redevelopment field will in addition be discussed.Information relating to the wellness and cordial c be that break dances rise to issues of bear on to the public 1.1 Information relating to health and companionable fretfulness to reach the public domain According to Cleland and Gareis (2006) health and affable care firmament is not only a sensitive one but overly a crucial one for the public health. Normal community are much more relate more or less the health and hearty care issues and almost in all the time they had no training about health and sociable care. mess hall media has come forward to solve the problem and they are almost fully lucky in solving the problem regarding the cultivation gap of the public. Side by side there are other antithetical ways by which information relating to social and health care is transmitted to the public (Godden, 2014). Mass media like TV, Radio, newspaper, and the internet are to be attributed for the information ventilation. Besides the mass media, social media has also played a crucial role. Facebook, Twitter, and other social media open contributed a lot in this look upon (Minniti and Moren, 2010).For precedent If any newvaccine related to Cancer is introduced, then mass media along with social media fasten a joint effort to disseminate the information to the enkindlecer affected people all around UK. That is how information is disseminated about health and social issues. 1.2 Techniques to disseminate information relating to health and social care AJOL (2014) refers that dissemination of information related to health and social care is a sphereial polity interpreted by the UK political science. There are some common methods by which health and social care information can be disseminated to the public and related parties. These most common methods are engagement of radios, pamphlets, television, and educational campaigns. recitation of report cards and accreditation are two mechani sms that are most commonly utilise for the information dissemination related to the health and social care.UK citizens are very much concerned about their health and social care issues and they listen, understand, and take relative actions to apply this information for the effective and efficient health care sector (The Guardian. 2014). Use of pamphlets is one of the most effective ways to disseminate information. UK government and related ministry has also provoke it obtainable through radios, televisions, and running campaigns which are educational (Minniti and Moren, 2010). For representativeDissemination of information related to health and social cares is important for the education of the patients and citizens about the likely causes of Malaria and thus take strategic actions in this respect. 1.3 slipway in which information can influence the attitudes, thoughts, and deportment of people Information that is being provided are not made for something vain rather this inform ation have a great influence on the attitudes thoughts, and behavior of the people of United Kingdom (UK). The evaluation of the information collected from several(predicate) sources about health and social care and the influence of the information will be focused here (Ravasi and Schultz, 2006). Mass media has a unafraid liaison and this gruelling interpersonal relationship with different sources of information results in an unveiling of health and social care related information to the public. Common people are completely influenced by the information provided by the sources. As the sources of information has been introduced in the previous section, it is state worthy that social and health care information haschanged the attitudes, thoughts, and behavior of common people. Mass media along with social media make people much more aware(p) about their health and safety issues (Godden, 2014). For pillow slipBefore the invention of Facebook, any movement that had to be taken pla ce faced great difficulty. But as Facebook grows and other mass media are getting concerned about the rights of them from the ball club, any nonviolent movement is taking place without such effort than previously had do (Mcclimens, et al, 2012). People are conscious about various contagious diseases and much more aware about their contribution to the society. They are also focused on their rights from the society. Their contribution to the society and the benefits they are deriving from the society are summed to take them to a balancing position or situation (AJOL, 2014). LO2 Understanding how issues of public concern related to health and social care are presented in the media 2.1 Ways in which media can be used to influence the attitudes and behavior of people in relation to health and social care issues Ravasi and Schultz(2006)Statesas it is mentioned in the previous section, mass media and social media in UK and perhaps all around the world is dedicated to the health and socia l care of the people. Peoples attitude and behavior has changed and has been upgrading with the help of mass media especially in case of health and social care issues. Mass media is one of the main catalysts in the development of the plus attitudes and behaviors of the people. People are instantly much more aware of the use of social care services. They use small fry care services they use more residential nursing care they use residential care facilities and many another(prenominal) more others (The Guardian. 2014).Conferencing is one of the ways by which mass media can be used for influencing people for their attitudes and behavior toward health and social care (The Guardian. 2014). Use of social media for the improvement of the awareness of the health and social care issues can be another way by which media can be used. For exampleThrough different media advertising, many messages can be convened to thepublic to change the attitudes about the health and social care. 2.2 Evalu ation of the public assessment of the reliability and validity of media information about health and social care According to Hscic (2014) information that are being provided and published in mass media is not trustworthy always, so, the take aim or magnitude of dependence on this information varies. Some media reports health and social care issues on behalf of government and they always praise the actions taken by government. Still some other media always make an evaluation of the actions taken by government in relation to health and social care issues and give their insightful recommendation.So, how people accept media information and, if accept, the degree of acceptance is a matter of great concern (Godden, 2014). People are very much concerned about the reliability and validity of the media information relating to the health and social care issues. Their dependence on the information is based on the transparency, honesty, and giving voice to the public. For examplePeople will not be convinced if any mass media declares anything that is supernatural and about the health and social care issues. Different technical and business level factors are considered if any information is unveil about health and social care (Csikaiand Bass2001). LO3 Being able to carry out research into different perspectives on a specific issue relating to health and social care 3.1 Research into different perspectives on a specific issue relating to health and social care According to BMJ (2014) there are many issues regarding the health and social care in United Kingdom (UK). These issues build up the different perspectives of health and social care issues. Different perspectives of the different issues of health and social sector will be discussed in this section of analysis.The most common and most influential issue of the health and social care is to suitable the increased demand for services. Every government in the world has been tightening their budgets and the budget for he alth and social care has been decreasing at a slow pace (BMJ, 2014). whiz perspective of that issue of the health and social care is the budget restrictions. So, a little number of health and social care jobs are created. Another perspective is the increased number of privy organizations in the social care sector like residential nursing, child day care, non-residential social care etc. (AJOL,2014). Hardill et al (2005) States still another perspective is the less interesting issues to the students. As government makes less budget people are not so interested in developing their career in this sector. For exampleIt is difficult to secure a mature job in the health and social care immediately after the graduation. So, employment opportunity is not created more than expected. 3.2 Monitoring of the changes of different perspectives regarding health and social care issues These different perspectives derived from the issues of health and social care have been changing with the passa ge of time. Change is a common phenomenon for every material of the world. So, perspectives regarding the health and social care have also been seeing a constant change as peoples attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors are changing. One issue of the health and social care is increased demand for services and different perspectives of the issue are the budget restrictions, lower employment opportunity, and uninteresting job to the graduates. These different issues have been changing with the passage of time in United Kingdom as well all around the world. One change is the increased demand for the social services. People are now most focused on the use of child day care and residential care facilities. Still another change is the issuing of the private sector in the health and social care sector (Hscic, 2014) For examplePeople now are getting much busier and this authorises to the increased demand for the social care services. Obviously, the standard of living has a positive correlation with the increased demand of the social care services. 3.3 Assessment of the relevance of the findings practically in the local arena UK has a strong health and social care sector and this sector has also been noticing a significant change as time passes. The local change in the perspectives of the issues of health and social care can also be attributed to the global change in the health and social sector (BMJ, 2014). The worlds health and social care has been seeing positive changes in recent years. tied(p) in developed countries like India and Bangladesh, social and health care sector is about to boom. For exampleIn India, it is mandatory to make the life insurance at the very advent ofthe birth of a child as like in the United States of America. UK is also monitoring a positive change in the health and social care sector and issues. In the local environment, people are also becoming much more aware about the services that can be expected from the government. Social care sector is observing a boom in the economy and the government is now transferring its duty to the private sector for the social services. The government is taking the position of monitoring the health and social care service institutions (Cleland and Gareis, 2006). 3.4 Factors that have influenced on the development of different perspectives According to Minniti and Moren (2010) various social and economic factors lead to the changes in the different perspectives of the issues of health and social sector.These social and economic issues affect the behavior of the people toward the development of the attitudes toward the health and social issues. Interpersonal relationship among the people also has an impact(Hscic, 2014). These factors that have a significant impact on the development of the different perspectives of the issues of the health and social sector are following here There are different factors that lead to the development of different perspectives of the issues of the health and social care. These factors are Life factors, environmental factors, socioeconomic factors, physical factors, social and political factors, lifestyle factors, emotional factors, etc. are different factors in the development of the different perspectives of health and social care. For exampleGenetic factors, physical factors, intellectual factors can be considered as factors under the life factors. The way of behaving and the cultural orientation of the society are also influential factors. These factors lead to the development of the issues of the health and social care and thus bringing changes in the community. LO4 Understanding the likely influence of different perspectives on the development of services 4.1 Analysis of the extent to which local attitudes muse subject field level Local, local, and many other local attitudes make the national attitudes. So, within a country, like UK, there may have some dissimilarity among the attitudes of the people, as country is divided into many local areas and attitudes. Local attitudes make up the aggregate attitude which is national attitude. Local attitudes toward different issues and perspectives of health andsocial care reflect the national level attitude. There is positive correlation between the development of local attitude and national attitude (Cleland and Gareis, 2006) For exampleA survey is conducted by the NHS of UK with a question Do you think that Britains health services are one of the best in the world? 59% of the respondents replied positively whereas 33% disagree with the opinion and the remaining other said they dont know (NHS. 2014). This example illustrates the national level attitude about the health and social care and it can be said that people are satisfied with what are being provided and the level of satisfaction is high. Health and social care sector is a sensitive sector as this sector is related to the life of the people. 4.2 Evaluation of the validity of public attitudes and behaviors in relation to a specific issue Public some times overact in different issues about health and social care. Their overreaction may lead to suspension of some good bills and at times which is catastrophic for the common people.In case of some specific issues public attitudes and behavior must have to be evaluated and the validity of their action will have to be measured (NHS. 2014). In the previous example it is clear that people are much more convinced about what they are getting from the government and public. Still some others reacted negatively and others made no comments on the issue. It is overreaction about the issue of health and social care. Peoples normally have positive experiences of the services being offered by NHS. NHS also makes direct communication and has strong media coverage. For exampleMass media develops the public attitude toward the health and social care issues and an issue can be the Satisfaction of the people services being offered by NHS 26% people say tha t government has choose right policies for the NHS whereas 44% says not. 54% people are satisfied with the national level services of NHS whereas 23% are not. 68% people are satisfied with the local NHS services (NHS. 2014). 4.3 Justification of the possible consequences of coetaneous thinking for health and social care provision and services Csikai and Bass (2001)refers if people are not sophisticated enough and still remain in the Stone Age about the thinking of the health and social issues, these may lead to severe consequences.Thoughts which are modern being replaced are by newfangled thoughts. One day, who knows, man would make it possible to invent the vaccines of AIDS. The most contemporary issues in the health and social care are the standards of the services in the hospitals especially for the elderly people or the senior citizens. Mass media can reflect the issues of the health and social care. One of the main consequences of the contemporary thinking about the health a nd social care is the education about the health and social care will be low. The contemporary attitude toward the health and social care may be catastrophic as people do not change their views about the medic and medicine as well as social services(Hscic, 2014) final resultThere exists a positive relationship between public opinion of the issue and development of related social policy. Social media has played an important role in this regard as they are devising the health and social care for the public a more interesting and concerning one. Social and health care has emerged as a prospective sector within UK and media has played a crucial role in the development of this industry. Mass media make the public aware of the need of the health and social care and health and social care is now an emerging sector in UK. The local health issues and attitudes contribute a lot to the international arena. Education of the people is important in this respect and different publication can be used for health and social care.ReferencesOnline1. NHS. (2014). Health Care in UK. available http//www.nhs.uk/Pages/HomePage.aspx. Last accessed second March 2014. 2. The Guardian. (2014). the role of technology in integrating health and social care live discussion. Available http//www.theguardian.com/healthcare-network/2014/feb/26/technology-health-social-care-integration. Last accessed 2nd March 2014. 3. Godden, D. et. al. (2014). Contemporary issues in rural health care online available at accessed on sixteenth February, 2014 4. AJOL, (2014). The role of media in disseminating information online available at accessed on 16th February, 2014 5. Hscic, (2014). Health and social care information center online available at accessed on 16th February, 2014 6. BMJ,(2014). dependableness of health information for the public online available at http//www.bmj.com/content/ accessed on 16th February, 2014Journals1. Minniti, M. and Moren, L. (2010). Entrepreneurial types and economic growt h, Journal of Business Venturing, 25 (3) 305-314. 2. Ravasi, D., Schultz, M. (2006), Responding to organizational identity threats exploring the role of organizational culture, honorary society of Management Journal, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 433458. 3. Shane, S. and Venkataraman, S. (2000). The Promise of Entrepreneurship as A Field of Research, Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226.Books1. Cleland, D. I. Gareis, R. (2006). Global proletariat Management Handbook. Chapter 1 The evolution of project management. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2006. ISBN 0-07-146045-4 2. Csikai, E. L. and Bass, K. 2001. Health care social workers views of ethical issues, practice, and policy in end-of-life care. Social Work in Health Care, 32 (2), pp. 122. 3. Hardill, I., Spradbery, J., Arnold-Boakes, J. and Marrugat, M. L. 2005. Severe health and social care issues among British migrants who retire to Spain. Ageing and Society, 25 (5), pp. 769784. 4. Mcclimens, A., Bosworth, D., Brewster, J. and Nutting, C . 2012. Contemporary issues in the training of UK health and social care professionalslooking after people with a learning disability. Nurse education today, 32 (7), pp. 817821.

Video Surveillance Cameras

Attempts to manage employees bedevil al courses existed in one form or another, from mechanical keystroke counters in the early break of the century, to the latest innovations in electronic monitoring. As applied science advances, so do the monitoring possibilities in the workplace. As result of the endless possibilities in surveillance, anxiety in employees increase, which in most cases leads to illnesses. Studies have shown that singulars who ar constantly being monitored at work suffer from inevitable personal effects, the majority being illnesses such as physical, emotional, and mental disorders.Employers feel they have the right to monitor their employees, heretofore when extensive monitoring effects a employees health, then the employers has gone to far. Advance technology has lead to monitoring devices such as via calculating machines, exposure surveillance, and supple badges in the last decade, but as the intensity of the surveillance increases so do the ostraci se effects on the employees. There has been a huge increase to pass legislations that willing say the employer in monitoring his employees by via computer.Monitoring an employee by via computer is one of the latest innovations in electronic monitoring, which is through with(p) by purchasing and installing software in the companies computer system. Once the software is installed, it will be able to do a variety of types of electronic monitoring from keystroke counting and accuracy, time how extensive it takes to misrepresent a transaction, and how long the computer has been on idle. This type of electronic monitoring that involves advanced technology and the constant monitoring to measure employees performance creates an enormous amount of pressure and tense he stress that is created by monitoring has caused serious physical effects (Ternipsede 447) on employees in the work place.Mevery employees have been effected from such setting in the workplace, but they are unaware of the effects since they take umteen years to develop fully. Another type of electronic monitoring that can damage an employees health is video surveillance. Video surveillance has existed in the work place since the invention of the television. Video surveillance cameras cum in all shapes and sizes, from the obvious ones to some that are small as a dime.Many employers barter for such devices to capture employees and customers who commit theft and fraud, or any other immoral activity. The increase of technology in electronic monitoring is now able to transfer images from a camera to a computer where the employer is able to zoom in and make a positive identity of the employee or customer who is committing an illegal act. This type of monitoring is also to make an employee feel under pressure in hoping to enhance employee productiveness and quality assurance, (Ternipsede 447) which serves as a benefit to the employee, employer, and customer.However, many employees do not notice the eff ects of video surveillance has on their health since there only concern is getting there work done and making their employer happy. One other type of surveillance that causes health risk to the employee is an spry badge. Active badges are another type of the latest innovations in electronic monitoring and one of the most controversial types of employee monitoring. The active badges are the size of a credit card that is worn on the outside of the clothing.It keeps track where the employee goes by infrared sensors that are located through out the workplace. Many employers who promote this type of electronic monitoring argue that it saves time when having to track someone down. They also argue that it is more of a toffee-nosed way of needing to speak to an employee privately, instead of having to announce their name over the intercom. These active badges also have their negative effects on an employee since they feel entrapped in their workplace because they know that someone else al ways know where they are.It makes an individual feel like they are in prison, except that they are not secured into their workplace by nix and concrete walls. This type of electronic monitoring is one of the most controversial because it is a new way to invade an individual privacy, without the exception of cameras and monitors. Employers have a right to know whether their employees are on task, however when it infringes on the employees privacy and causes health effects it has gone to far.The employers have the responsibility to hire trustworthy employees and make sure they do their job, not tracking every move they make. As technology advances, business commission gets lazier and new monitoring devices pose a threat to employees. The employees well being should be considered before implementing any monitoring systems. Therefore, who knows what electronic monitoring will hold in the future, but will it become so sophisticated that it will cause an employee to choose not to work a nd live off the government?

Genetically Modified Organism and Monsanto

Does Monsanto maintain an ethical culture that rout out effectively respond to various stakeholders? Monsanto social club is trying to maintain an ethical culture with various stakeholders. The family ingestiond the concept of Social Responsibility and Business Ethics to create a reputation shelter to various stakeholders. For instance, Monsanto gave fifteen million dollars to Donald Danforth Plant Science Center to do crop research in Africa. Also, the fund helped Brazilian children to maintain good health and basic hygiene. Additionally, Monsanto supported students who want to study agriculture.However, Monsanto Companys regulation had become financial burden to many farthestmers. Farmers who buy seeds from Monsanto could not saved for incoming plant. Otherwise, Farmers will pick up to pay for Monsanto when they find out. Furthermore, Monsanto produced products that involved in the risk of animals and human health. Some of Monsantos actions should considered moral temptatio n. 2. Compare the benefits of growing GMO seeds for crops with the potential negative consequences of using them. As the GM seeds introduced to the United States and across the globe since 1990, many farmers stopped complaining failure of crops.This had helped farmers spent little expenses, but gain as triple profits. Farmers who using GM seeds applauded the existence of Monsanto Company, because with the same acre of land, they are able to double the crops. Thus, as far as the farmers are reservation profits, they will continue buying the GM Seeds. For this reason, there is a study concerned for consumer that the GM seeds could affect human and animals health for using it. However, the FDA clarified that biotech crops are safe to use, but critics doubt about the short-term period of GM seeds which unable to determined the long-term effects.3. How should Monsanto restrain the potential harm to plant and animal life from using product such as Roundup? Monsanto Officials valued t o calm the situation. They clarified to the critics that EPA has been studies and approved for Roundup Ready. Environment and human health wont get effective. The beau monde also defends that even though 1% of glyphosate contaminate ground water, it is soluble and will not have much effect on aquatic species (P. 307). Reference Ferrell, O. C. , Fraedrick, J. , Ferrell, L. , (2008), Business Ethics Ethical decision making and cases. Boston, MA Houghton Miffin Company

Does Social Inequality Exist in Jamaica

Introduction well-disposed Inequality allows for the ejection of individuals and the formation of prejudices and disagree custodyt. C arfully analyze and discuss the validity of this state manpowert base on current events in the Jamaican inn. loving Inequality is the existence of neighborlyly created inequalities it occurs when ideology and power combine to make iodin convocation of people feel inferior to another(prenominal).From a sociological perspective people argon fitting to assess dickens opport unit of measurementies and constraints that char toyerize their lives as it relates to age, sex, grammatical sexuality, race and class and based on this, galore(postnominal) ills that the c iodine timeption faces today argon derived from around persons blatant disregard for differences. A prejudice is a preconceived belief to struggled a air divisionicular grouping while dissimilitude is a behavior (an action), with honorable mention to unequal treatment of peop le because they be members of a particular group. Some theories suggest that racism is a characteristic of an abnormal minority of the population and that this abnormality is psychological.This prejudice whitethorn lead to racial discrimination. We whitethorn be familiar with this form of discrimination being more than prevalent in recent propagation (Apartheid, Hitler vs. Jews) than now. In answering the question this report will outline the causes of social inequality and show that amicable Inequality is prevalent in all societies including Jamaica. Race & Ethnicity Within sociology, the term heathenish, race, minority, and dominant group field of study very specific meanings, different from the meanings the terms bring in common, their usage.These concepts argon important in the increase of a sociological perspective on race and ethnicity. Race A race is a group of people treated as separate in society on the basis of definite characteristics, approximately of which m ay be biological, that nourish been assigned social importance. Because of presumed biologically or culturally inferior characteristics, a race is typically singled out for its uniqueness and unfortunately succumbs to unfair treatment. Therefore it is not biological characteristics per se that defines racial groups, but how groups ave been treated historically and socially over the years. Societies assign people racial categories such(prenominal) as Black, White, and so on. Not by science, logic or circumstance, but by opinion and social experiences. In other words, how racial groups are defined is a social process. This is what is meant when we ac experience that race is socially constructed. The use of biological differences to judge an individual seems some what arbitrary. For use we differentiate people based on skin color and not other characteristics such as personality traits or culture.Jamaica is do up of several races, but the majority is dark skinned. Most people inter act with their own kind and do not get the opportunity to interface with others of a different race. save, for the superstars who do, they may say that we are not a racist society but would more likely discriminate based on a persons socio-economic status. This may be true but there perseveres the irony that individuals with high socio-economic statuses are unremarkably the light skinned (Caucasian, Indian, Chinese). EthnicityThis refers to a social category of people who share a common culture, for example a common language or dialect a common religion and common norms, practices, custom and history. Ethnic groups have a consciousness of their common cultural bond. Jamaicans, Americans, Trinidadians, Japanese, Mexican Americans and so forth, are examples of ethnic groups. However ethnic groups are also found in other societies, such as Pashtuns in Afghanistan or Shiites and Sunnie in Iraq whose ethnicity is based on religious differences. An ethnic group does not exist but bec ause of the common national or cultural origins of the group.These groups develop because of their unique historical, cultural origins or social experiences. These experiences obtain the basis of the groups ethnic identity. PREJUDICE A prejudice is a preconceived belief, opinion, or judgment toward a group of people or a single person because of race, social class, sex, ethnicity, knowledgeable orientation, age, disability, political beliefs , religion, line of proceed or other personal characteristics. It also means a priori beliefs (without knowledge of the facts) and includes any unreasonable attitude that is un unremarkably resistant to rational influence. Although positive and negative prejudice both exist, when used negatively, prejudice implies fear and antipathy toward such a group or person. Cognitive preconceived opinion refers to what people believe to be true for example, in adherence to a particular metaphysical or methodological philosophy at the expense of other philosophies which may offer a more terminate theoretical explanation. Affective Prejudice refers to what people like and dislike for example, in attitudes toward members of particular classes such as race, ethnicity, national origin, or creed. Conative Prejudice refers to how people are inclined to behave. It is regarded as an attitude because people do not act on their feelings. An example of conative prejudice may be found in expressions of what should be done if the opportunity presents itself. These one-third types of prejudice are cor link, but all need not be present in a particular individual. Someone may believe that a particular group possesses low levels of intelligence, but harbor no ill feeling towards that group. A group may be disliked because of intense competition for jobs, but still recognize no differences amid groups.DISCRIMINATION discrepancy is a sociological term referring to the treatment instituten toward or against a person of a genuine group that is taken in consideration based on class or category. The United Nations explains preferential behaviors take many forms, but they all involve some form of exclusion or rejection. judicial laws such as redlining have existed in many countries. In some countries, controversial attempts such as racial quotas have been used to redress negative effects of discrimination Farley also put discrimination into three categories Personal / Individual Discrimination is directed toward a specific individual and refers to any act that leads to unequal treatment because of the individuals real or perceived group membership. Legal Discrimination refers to unequal treatment, on the grounds of group membership, that is upheld by law. Apartheid is an example of lawful discrimination, as are also various post-Civil war laws in the southern United States that legally disadvantaged Negros with respect to property rights, engagement rights and he purpose of constitutional rights. Institutional Discrimina tion refers to unequal treatment that is entrenched in basic social institutions directing in advantaging one group over another. The Indian caste clay and European feudal governing body are historical examples of institutional discrimination. As with prejudice generally, these three types of discrimination are correlated and may be found to varying degrees in individuals and society at large. Many forms of discrimination based upon prejudice are outwardly acceptable in most societies.What is sex activity? Gender is a social classification that divides individuals into one of three categories (masculine, feminine, androgyny) as defined by behaviour, cultural and/or physiological traits learnt and expressed. The Difference between Gender and Sex Sex is a biological classification the divides individuals into categories (Male, Fe priapic, Hermaphrodite) as defined by their Chromosome make-up, reproductive organs, outer genitals, hormonal states, internal genitals and secondary se x characteristics.Therefore sex is fundamentally different from gender on the basis that sex is determined by sex from birth and gender is determined by socialization after birth. Gender Functional History The gender roles in society today are as a result of thousands of years of social evolution going back to the beginnings of society. Lets us take a look at how gender evolved into what it is today. The first type of society that existed, hunter/gatherer societies, men and women shared equal roles as the food gatherers in society.Women secured the more stable sources of food such as ground provisions grains and fruits while men secured the less stable sources of food from hunting game. This is due to the fact that hunting is a physically intensive activity and thus more naturally suited for the men in society heretofore both sources of food were important to the welfare of the society and therefore both men and women had comparable roles. However while comparable, these roles wou ld go on to influence society through the ages as the gathering of food tended to be relatively close to the settlement and the hunting of food would be get on forward.We see therefore that women were socialized to stay close to home and men were socialized to journey away from the home. This comparable role relationship remained similar in pastoral and horticultural societies still a big shift came when people began to form agrarian societies. Men took the role of primary food gatherers in society freeing women from the task of food gathering. Thus women adopted alternative roles in the home to occupy their time. This however elevated the role of men in society while at the same time lessen the roles of women.Men became more educated and took on more multifactorial jobs within society. Women became the nurturers and home-makers of society. Thus the sexual region on labour became institutionalized ( Lengerman and Wallace, 1985) In industrial society women were reintegrated in the elaborateplace however they were typically low paying unskilled jobs and their male counterparts were typically paid more for the same work. The role of women in society was slowly increasing at this point. Gender Functional Analysis of Jamaican Society traditionally in Jamaican society women are seen to be the home-makers and men the bread winners.This is due to the fact that the two genders play a complimentary role to each other (Talcott Parsons 141, 1964 orig 1951). In other words a complex Co-dependency between each gender that fills the economic social companionship, and social placement needs of a family unit thus holding and shaping society and. Each gender is socialized from birth to fulfil their respective roles. Boys are socialized to be competitive and aggressive through sports and aggressive role-models and yard work thereby allowe them to compete and survive in the working world as part of the labour tug when they become Men.Girls are socialized to be sensitive and caring through dolls and house chores so that once they become Women they are better able to run the household and rear children. In a family unit these roles compliment each other and act as a stabilizing force for the unit and by extension for society. These stabilizing forces are perpetuated through various schemes of social control. Individuals who fail to show appropriate levels of maleness or femininity are ridiculed and ostracised by society, this produces guilt and fear of rejection in the individual and serves to reinforce gender classes.Gender Functional Analysis Critical Comments The functionalistic view of gender is unable to proper explain many occurrences of modern society. With the post-industrial society we see that women are increasingly taking on more complex roles in society due to the reduction in the amount of physical labour needed to perform complex tasks through industrialization, the ability to control contraception, the feminist movement and poverty l evel (women in poorer household work out of necessity). Indeed most households now reply on a two person income.This however has left women with the dual roles of home-maker and breadwinners. This is a very daunting task as such many women remain single to avoid such a scenario. Alternatively since women have become a large part of the labour force we see that in couples, men have now either partly or in rare cases fully taken over the tasks of nurturing and caring for a child so as to fill the void created by the absence of the mother Traditionally androgyny was a socially ostracised gender however lately there has been a blurring of the roles separating the genders.We see this in the sensitive new age guy, the vacuum tube sexual, in women with short hair (short hair was traditionally a masculine feature), in male bleaching and male earrings (both of which were initially feminine traits). Gender Discrimination Though gender discrimination and sexism refers to beliefs and attitudes in relation to the gender of a person, such beliefs and attitudes are of a social nature and do not, commonly, carry any legal consequences. Sex discrimination, on the other hand, may have legal consequences.Though what constitutes sex discrimination varies between countries, the essence is that it is an adverse action taken by one person against another person that would not have occurred had the person been of another sex. Discrimination of that nature in certain enumerated circumstances is illegal in many countries. Currently, discrimination based on sex is defined as adverse action against another person, that would not have occurred had the person been of another sex. This is considered a form of prejudice and is illegal in certain enumerated circumstances in most countries. Sexual discrimination can arise in different contexts.For casing an employee may be discriminated against by being asked discriminatory questions during a job interview, or because an employer did not hi re, progress or wrongfully terminated an employee based on his or her gender, or employers pay unequally based on gender. In an educational setting there could be claims that a learner was excluded from an educational institution, program, opportunity, loan, student group, or scholarship due to his or her gender. In the housing setting there could be claims that a person was refused negotiations on seeking a house, contracting/leasing a house or getting a loan based on his or her gender.Another setting where there have been claims of gender discrimination is banking for example if one is refused credit or is offered unequal loan terms based on ones gender. In todays Jamaican society, it is debatable as to whether ones sex influences their position or status in life. A feminist Shulamith Firestone believed that women were disadvantaged by their biology, due bto the fact that they bear children and as s result they become parasitical on the male species for survival. This dependenc e ion men produced unequal power relationships.Local diary keeper Peter Espeute, believes that boys face challenges due to inequality from as early as Primary nurture level. He disputes that girls are normally seated at the front of the class, while the boys sit at the back where they escaped and play instead of learning. He also states that the entrance test given to children to decide what High school they go to is given at the wrong stage in their life cycle. It is a fact that at age eleven (11), girls are mentally more developed that boys, therefore the girls would outperform the boys, get the scholarships and be placed at the best schools.A study done by Kevin Harper of Howard University show that gender biases occur even in doctor offices. Doctors are deemed upper class statuses in Jamaica, and see themselves as the almighty healers (Payne-Jackson 1997). The study revealed that doctors were more apologetic to male patients who were kept waiting. More so males of high statuse s. egg-producing(prenominal) patients tended to be treated more like children needing instructions. Another example of gender bias may be seen in the workplace. In Corporate Jamaica, males in high positions (CEO,GM, etc. ) are paid higher honorarium than their female counterparts.As you go shine the scale you will find that the salaries are usually level. However in some institutions such as factories and industrial complexes, because of the nature of the job, men are favoured. Even if females are among them, night shifts and overtime are usually approved for the men. The United Nations had concluded that women often experience a glass ceiling and that there are no societies in which women enjoy the same opportunities as men. The term glass ceiling is used to describe a perceived barrier to advancement in employment based on discrimination, especially sex discrimination. Social ClassThe term social class refers to a system of social stratification which is based on individual ach ievements, resulting from the unequal distribution of wealth, power and prestige. A hierarchical distinction is made between individuals or groups of people within the society. Social stratification is regarded as structured inequality based on the characteristics of the society and usually persists over a long pointedness of time. It is usually universal and often occurs on the basis of access to the scarce factors of production it also occurs on the basis of other factors, such as race, gender, age, religion and caste.Social stratification is usually prevalent in most societies. Usually a persons status is either ascribed or achieved. An ascribed status is usually fixed at birth and depicted by ones sex or race. An achieved status is depicted by ones achievements throughout their lifetime, usually occupational. An unaffixed society usually fosters social mobility between the different social classes. Social mobility is the movement of individuals between, or up or down the diffe rent class structures over time owing to improvements in their fortunes. Social mobility is usually achieved through the following avenues 1.Education, the attainment of higher 3rd education leads to more expertise and usually higher income paying jobs. 2. Hard work 3. Marriage, an individual marries into a rich family 4. Family status, the conjure up of a rich family member usually opens doors for that individual 5. Talents and skills 6. Physical attributes, e. g. Miss World, usually marries into a potent or rich family 7. Luck A closed system does not foster social mobility. Social positions are ascribed at birth and the system is very rigid with distinctly defined structures.The caste system in India is a very dangerous example of a closed system of stratification. In this system an individual is born in caste and this determines their occupation, education, social interaction and power. No amount of hard work and achievement can change their status or caste over time. The b est example of the open system is the class system. This is found in most modern industrial societies around the world. Ones class in this system is largely determined by ones occupation, education, income, wealth and power. There are four classes in this system.They are the upper-class, the mall class, the service class and the underclass. The upper class is usually made up of the top ten percent (10%) of the wealthy people in the society. This class is also broken down into two classes the upper and the lower class. ?The upper- upper class is made up of people who normally have old money and are set apart by their wealth and power. These persons have been born and brocaded with wealth mostly consists of old noble or prestigious families. The Royal Family of England would be a prime of life example of the upper upper class. The lower- upper class is made up of people who have wonderful large income, which is achieved through occupational means. These people are usually referre d to as having new money. These individuals have become rich within their own lifetimes. This class consists of people who own large companies or are CEOs of large companies. It also consists of entrepreneurs, movie stars, top athletes, as well as some prominent professionals). The middle class is divided into three different groups. They are the upper -middle class, the service- class and the lower- middle class. The upper middle class is usually made up of people who have prestigious occupations, such as doctors, lawyers, politicians and entertainers. These people usually earn very high incomes and live in prominent neighborhoods and are able to send their off springs to colleges and universities abroad. These people usually accumulate lots of wealth overtime. ?The service- class is made up of highly trained people who are usually managers at their place of work. These people usually have secured careers and earn very good incomes on the job.Business consultants, teachers, and sma ll mintiness operators are good examples of persons who fall within this class. ?The lower- middle class is reserved for people who earn an average income and enjoy a decent standard of living. These people work in mainly less prestigious white blast jobs and include Sales Representatives, Supervisors, Bank clerks and Office clerks. Most of these people have not acquired a tertiary level education. The working class is usually those people who live from paycheck to paycheck and are called high collar workers.These people usually earn what is known as minimum wage and are normally the first set of workers to be affected in times of recession. The underclass is those people who fall under the poverty line. They are usually temporarily employed or unemployed and are usually dependent on the state for survival. Conclusion As our motto rightly states Out of Many One plurality, we are diverse in race, ethnicity, and socialization. Based on our research which included a questionnaire (Appendices), we can clearly state that Social Inequality exists worldwide and Jamaica is no exception.The questionnaire was issued to twenty persons which included two Rastafarians, Two Chinese, three Mixed race individuals, one Caucasian and the rest were Negros. Half were male and the other half females. The results were as follows- Age discrimination was felt by one young man (22 years old) who was a bus driver by profession. He expressed that persons were not willing to take his bus when they saw that he was the driver. The Rastafarians who were ironically from the lower class said they faced discrimination from every aspect (class, beliefs). Most of the females utter that men are preferred for jobs in the corporate world.One lady in particular related an experience of being in an interview and was told that she did well but they want to hire a male, as too many women were in the office. The only white man that did the questionnaire expressed that he felt discriminated medioc re because of his colour he was not comfortable going out alone because some people view that he had something to offer them and were constantly begging. Therefore the question is answered Social Inequality does lead to people forming prejudices which may influence their actions toward person of a particular group or groups.